options'ları çekeceksin öncelikle

$options = $db->query('SELECT * FROM ozelliklers')->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

function filterType($options, $type) {
    return array_filter($options, function($option) use ($type) {
        return $option['ozellik_tip'] === $type;
    });
}

$colors = filterType($options, 'renk');
$sizes = filterType($options, 'beden');
$numbers = filterType($options, 'ayakkabi');

artık tablona şöyle bastırabilirsin

<table>
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>Renk</th>
            <th>Beden</th>
            <th>Numara</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <?php foreach($colors as $key => $color): ?>
            <tr>
                <tr><?=$color['ozellik']?></tr>
                <tr><?=$sizes[$key]['ozellik']?></tr>
                <tr><?=$numbers[$key]['ozellik']?></tr>
            </tr>
        <?php endforeach; ?>
    </tbody>
</table>